Bricker versus Wallace ureteroileal anastomosis: A multi-institutional propensity score-matched analysis.

AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of our study is to evaluate the difference in stricture rate between matched groups of Bricker and Wallace techniques for ureteroileal anastomosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing urinary diversion (UD) with Bricker and Wallace ureteroileal anastomosis at two university hospitals. Two groups of Bricker and Wallace patients were matched in a 1:1 ratio based on the age, sex, body mass index (BMI), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), preoperative hydronephrosis, prior radiation therapy or abdominal surgery, pathologic T and N stages and 30-days-Clavien grade complications≥III. A multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of ureteroenteric stricture (UES) in all patients. RESULTS: Overall, 740 patients met the inclusion criteria and 209 patients in each group were propensity matched. At a similar median follow-up of 25 months, UES was detected in 25 (12%) and 30 (14.4%) patients in Bricker and Wallace groups, respectively (p = 0.56). However, only one patient in the Bricker group developed a bilateral stricture compared to 15 patients in the Wallace group, resulting in a significantly higher number of affected renal units in the Wallace group: 45 (10.7%) versus only 26 (6.2%) in the Bricker group (p = 0.00). On multivariable extended Cox analysis, prior radiotherapy, presence of T4 pelvic malignancy and nodal positive disease were independent predictor of UES formation. CONCLUSION: The technique of ureteroileal anastomosis itself does not increase the rate of stricture; however, conversion of two renal units into one is associated with a higher incidence of bilateral upper tract involvement.

Risk factors for ureteroenteric stricture after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion: A systematic review.

Introduction: Ureteroenteric stricture (UES) is the leading cause of renal function deterioration after radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion (UD). The aim of the present review is to summarize studies that discussed the risk factors associated with UES development. Identifying the responsible factors is of importance to help surgeons to modify their treatment or follow-up strategies to reduce this serious complication. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature using the PubMed database was conducted. The target of the search was only studies that primarily aimed to identify risk factors of UES after RC and UD. References of searched papers were also checked for potential inclusion. Results: The search originally yielded a total of 1357 articles, of which only 15 met our inclusion criteria, comprising 13, 481 patients. All the studies were observational, and retrospective published between 2013 and 2022. The natural history of UES and the reported risk factors varied widely across the studies. In 13 studies, a significant association between some risk factors and UES development was demonstrated. High body mass index (BMI) was the most frequently reported stricture risk factor, followed by perioperative urinary tract infection (UTI), robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC), occurrence of post-operative Clavian grade ≥ 3 complications and urinary leakage. Otherwise, many other risk factors were reported only once. Conclusion: The literature is still lacking well-designed prospective studies investigating predisposing factors of UES. The available data suggest that the high BMI, RARC and complicated postoperative course are the main risk factors for stricture formation.

Primary versus deferred ureteroscopy for the management of obstructive anuria secondary to ureteric urolithiasis in children: a prospective randomized study.

To compare the role of primary and deferred ureteroscopy (URS) in the management of obstructive anuria secondary to ureteric urolithiasis in pediatric patients. This prospective randomized study included 120 children aged ≤ 12 years who presented with obstructive anuria secondary to ureteric urolithiasis between March 2019 and January 2021. The children were subdivided into group A, which included children who had undergone primary URS without pre-stenting, and group B, which included children who had undergone URS after ureteric stenting. All children were clinically compensated and sepsis-free. Patients with underlying urological structural abnormalities were excluded. The operative time, improvement of renal functions, stone-free rate, and complications were compared between the two groups. At the 1-month follow-up, urine analysis; kidney, ureter, and bladder radiography; and ultrasonography were performed. The patient characteristics of both groups did not show any significant difference. Primary URS had failed in ten children (16.6%) in group A. Moreover, failure of stenting was noted in six patients (11%) in group B. The mean operative time for group B was significantly lower than that for group A (p ≤ 0.001). The stone-free rate was significantly higher in group B (p ≤ 0.001). The rate of overall complications was higher in group A. Deferred URS is preferable over primary URS in the management of obstructive anuria secondary to ureteric urolithiasis". In children because of the lower need for ureteric dilatation, higher stone- free rate, shorter procedure time, and lower complication rate.

Prospective comparison of tadalafil 5 mg alone, silodosin 8 mg alone, and the combination of both in treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia.

BACKGROUND: Men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), will have deterioration in the quality of life. Likewise, BPH can be complicated by damage to bladder function, bladder stones formation, hematuria, and impaired kidney function. The goal of treatment is to avoid all those effects caused by BPH. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of tadalafil alone, silodosin alone, and the combination of both in the treatment of LUTS associated with BPH. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients in our department with BPH who had LUTS were assigned randomly to three groups: A (101 patients) received tadalafil, 5 mg; B (102 patients) received silodosin, 8 mg; and group C (105 patients) received the combination of tadalafil, 5 mg, and silodosin, 8 mg. For all participants, we asses changes in the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score, Post-voiding urine (PVR) and all results were recorded and analyzed with the (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel 2010. RESULTS: Qmax, IPSS, PVR and IIEF score improved significantly more with the combination of tadalafil and silodosin than with either drug alone (p < 0.001). Three months after treatment, the mean Qmax values were 14.4 ml/sec in group A, 15.2 ml/sec in group B, and 15.8 ml/sec in group C; and the mean IPSSs were 17.6 in group A, 16.7 in group B, and 15.6 in group C (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Tadalafil and silodosin are effective treatment options in men with BPH who have LUTS, but the combination of both is more effective and feasible in treating LUTS of BPH.

Lichen sclerosis-induced long segment anterior urethral stricture: The early outcome of one-stage repair using dorsolateral onlay buccal mucosa graft.

BACKGROUND: Substitution urethroplasty using buccal mucosal grafts can be performed by several approaches including ventral onlay graft, dorsal onlay graft, or ventral urethrotomy with dorsal inlay graft. Our study aims to evaluate the surgical outcome of dorsolateral buccal mucosal graft for long segment anterior urethral stricture >6 cm in patients with Lichen sclerosus (LS). METHODS: A retrospective study included patients who underwent repair for long segment anterior urethral stricture >6 cm due to LS between January 2013 and April 2019. All patients were followed-up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively and then yearly by clinical symptoms, uroflowmetry, and calculation of post-void residual urine volume. Retrograde urethrogram was requested for patients with voiding symptoms or decreased maximum flow rate. Stricture recurrence that required subsequent urethrotomy or urethroplasty was considered failure. The success rate and surgical complications were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty patients were identified. The median age (range) was 39 (25-61) years and a median (range) stricture length was 8 (6-14) cm. Most of postoperative complications were of minor degree. The success rate at median follow-up of 15 (12-24) months was 86.5%. The median maximum flow rate increased significantly from 6 (2-11) ml/s preoperatively to 18 (range: 6-23) ml/s at the 6th month (p value < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Dorsolateral buccal mucosal grafts urethroplasty for long anterior urethral stricture caused by LS has a high success rate and low risk of complications including stricture recurrence.

The impact of varicocelectomy on sperm DNA fragmentation and pregnancy rate in subfertile men with normal semen parameters: A pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and pregnancy rate in men with normal semen parameters. Patients and methods: A pilot study that included male patients with a minimum of a 1-year history of male subfertility, normal semen parameters, a high percentage of SDF, and clinically palpable varicoceles. Microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy was carried out for 45 patients (study group), while 40 patients had no intervention (control group). Semen analysis and SDF were measured before and at 6 months after the varicocelectomy. The pregnancy rate was assessed at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Results: Between July 2014 and January 2019, 85 subfertile men were included in the study and completed 12 months of follow-up. The two groups were comparable in terms of their age, body mass index, infertility duration, infertility type, varicoceles laterality, and varicoceles grade (P values = 0.84, 0.34. 0.35, 1, 0.39, and 0.46, respectively). At 6 months after varicocelectomy, the mean SDF was reduced in both groups, and this reduction was statistically higher in the varicocelectomy group (P < 0.001). After 1-year, spontaneous pregnancy was achieved in 62% of the patients in the varicocelectomy group compared to 30% in the control group (P = 0.009). Conclusion: Varicocelectomy has a positive impact on SDF and spontaneous pregnancy in infertile men with clinically palpable varicoceles and normal semen parameters. Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; DFI: DNA fragmentation Index; SDF: sperm DNA fragmentation.

Varicocelectomy versus antioxidants in infertile men with isolated teratozoospermia: A retrospective analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcome of microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy versus oral antioxidants for the management of male infertility due to isolated teratozoospermia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical patients' database of a tertiary infertility referral center was retrospectively reviewed to collect data on male infertility due to isolated teratozoospermia from July 2014 to January 2019. Seventy-two patients who underwentmicroscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy for their clinically palpable varicoceles were considered as a study group, while 60 patients who were treated with antioxidants (L-carnitine, vitamin C, and vitamin E) were included as controls. The improvement in the sperm morphology, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), and the achievement of natural pregnancy were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In the varicocelectomy group, all sperm parameters and SDF statistically improved 6months after the operation (P-value <.001). In the control group, the percentage of sperm morphology and SDF statistically improved 6months after the treatment (P-value <.05). The improvement in sperm parameters, SDF, and the pregnancy rate was statistically higher in the varicocelectomy group compared to the control group. Within the range of follow-up (12-18 months), 30.5% of patients' partners achieved natural pregnancy in the varicocelectomy groups compared to 16.7% in the control group. CONCLUSION: We believe that varicocelectomy has a positive effect on the sperm morphology, SDF, and pregnancy rate in male infertility caused by isolated teratozoospermia.

Dorsal versus ventral strip augmented anastomotic bulbar urethroplasty: retrospective study.

PURPOSE: The published literature shows controversies with regard to the treatment of choice for longer stricture. Augmented anastomotic urethroplasty (AAU) was described for long bulbar urethral strictures with an extended area of narrowing and fibrosis, the technique combines the advantages of both anastomosis and graft substitution. We aimed to compare the dorsal and ventral strip anastomosis in the AAU. METHODS: A retrospective Review was conducted at the Department of Urology, Sohag University Hospital; we included adult patients with long bulbar urethral strictures (> 2 cm) who underwent dorsal or ventral strip AAU. Patients were followed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively for subjective improvements. The statistical analysis was carried with SPSS software version 24 for windows. RESULTS: At the end of follow-up, stricture recurrence occurred in 5 (12.5%) in ventral strip group compared to 6 (23.1%) in dorsal group, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.5). With regard to safety outcomes, there was no statistically significant difference between both groups in any of the postoperative complications, except post-void dribbling which showed higher incidence in dorsal strip group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, both dorsal strip and ventral strip techniques are feasible for long bulbar urethral strictures with comparable postoperative efficacy outcomes and high success rate.

Management of long segment anterior urethral stricture (≥ 8cm) using buccal mucosal (BM) graft and penile skin (PS) flap: outcome and predictors of failure

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the surgical outcome and predictors of failure of substitution urethroplasty using either dorsal onlay buccal mucosal (BM) graft or ventral onlay penile skin flap (PS) for anterior urethral stricture ≥ 8cm. Patients and methods Between March 2010 and January 2016, 50 patients with anterior urethral stricture ≥ 8 cm were treated at our hospital. The surgical outcome and success rate were assessed. The predictors of failure were analyzed using multivariate analysis. Failure was considered when subsequent urethrotomy or urethroplasty were needed. Results Dorsal onlay BM graft was carried out in 24 patients, while PS urethroplasty in 26 patients. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding patients demographics, stricture characteristics or follow-up period. One case in the BM group was lost during follow-up. Stricture recurrence was detected in 7 (30.4%) patients out of BM group while in 6 (23.1%) patients out of PS group (p value= 0.5). No significant differences between both groups regarding overall early and late complications were observed. Occurrence of early complications and the stricture length were the only predictors of failure in univariate analysis, while in multivariate analysis the occurrence of early complications was only significant. Conclusion On short-term follow-up, both dorsal onlay BM graft and ventral onlay PS flap urethroplasty have similar success rates. However, BM graft has a potential advantage to reduce operative time and is also technically easier. The surgeon should avoid early local complications as they represent a higher risk for failure.

Management of long segment anterior urethral stricture (≥ 8cm) using buccal mucosal (BM) graft and penile skin (PS) flap: outcome and predictors of failure.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the surgical outcome and predictors of failure of substitution urethroplasty using either dorsal onlay buccal mucosal (BM) graft or ventral onlay penile skin flap (PS) for anterior urethral stricture ≥ 8cm. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between March 2010 and January 2016, 50 patients with anterior urethral stricture ≥ 8 cm were treated at our hospital. The surgical outcome and success rate were assessed. The predictors of failure were analyzed using multivariate analysis. Failure was considered when subsequent urethrotomy or urethroplasty were needed. RESULTS: Dorsal onlay BM graft was carried out in 24 patients, while PS urethroplasty in 26 patients. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding patients demographics, stricture characteristics or follow-up period. One case in the BM group was lost during follow- up. Stricture recurrence was detected in 7 (30.4%) patients out of BM group while in 6 (23.1%) patients out of PS group (p value= 0.5). No significant differences between both groups regarding overall early and late complications were observed. Occurrence of early complications and the stricture length were the only predictors of failure in univariate analysis, while in multivariate analysis the occurrence of early complications was only significant. CONCLUSION: On short-term follow-up, both dorsal onlay BM graft and ventral onlay PS flap urethroplasty have similar success rates. However, BM graft has a potential advantage to reduce operative time and is also technically easier. The surgeon should avoid early local complications as they represent a higher risk for failure.